Dietary Supplements: What Works, What’s Risky, and How to Choose

More than half of adults take supplements—yet many don’t know why. Some use them for energy. Some for sleep. Others hope to fill gaps in their diet. Not all supplements do what marketing promises.

Start with your goal. Are you fixing a real deficiency, like low vitamin D? Or chasing vague benefits, like "better immunity"? Supplements help most when a lab test or doctor shows a need. If you don’t know, ask a healthcare pro before you buy.

Look at evidence, not ads. Fish oil and vitamin D have good data for certain uses. Popular herbs often lack strong trials. Read summaries from trusted sources, or check clinical guidelines. One clear study beats ten brand claims.

Quality matters. Supplements are not regulated like drugs in many places. That means product strength and purity vary. Choose brands that offer third-party testing from groups like USP, NSF, or ConsumerLab. A tested label reduces risk of contamination and wrong doses.

Watch for interactions. Supplements can change how medicines work. St. John's wort lowers levels of many prescription drugs. Calcium or iron can block absorption of some antibiotics. Tell your pharmacist or doctor about every pill you take.

Beware of high doses. More is not always better. Fat-soluble vitamins (A, D, E, K) build up in the body and can cause harm at high levels. Even minerals like selenium or iron become toxic beyond safe ranges. Stick to recommended doses unless your doctor says otherwise.

Natural does not mean safe. Herbal products can be powerful. Kava can harm the liver. Yohimbe may raise blood pressure. Treat supplements like medicines: learn side effects and stop if you feel unwell.

How to pick a supplement

Check the label for active ingredients and dose. Look for expiration dates. Prefer short ingredient lists. Avoid proprietary blends that hide amounts. If a product promises quick fixes or miracle cures, walk away.

Practical tips to save money and stay safe

Buy only what you need. A basic multivitamin covers many gaps for most adults. Targeted supplements make sense when tests show a deficiency. Compare labels and prices by dose, not bottle size. Store supplements in a cool, dry place. Keep them away from kids. Report side effects to your doctor promptly.

Supplements can help when chosen wisely. Use tests and trusted advice, pick quality brands, watch for interactions, and avoid excessive doses. If you want specific product suggestions or help reading a label, ask—it's easier than risking time and money on useless pills.

Keep a simple log of every supplement you take and any effects you notice. Write start date and dose. Share the list with your doctor or pharmacist. Try a new product at least four to eight weeks before judging it. For specific shortages, ask for blood tests and follow dosing. Need help picking a tested brand? Tell us your goal and we’ll point to best reviews. Email us or comment and we'll answer with clear suggestions soon.

1 June 2023 Ian Glover

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